Casing is a series of steel pipes that are run into a drilled oil well to stabilize the well, keep contaminants and water out of the oil stream, and prevent oil from leaching into the groundwater.
What is the purpose of casing pipe?
The casing pipe is used to support the oil and gas well walls to ensure the normal operation of the entire well after the drilling process is completed. Each well is based on different depths of drilling and geology, using several layers of casing. After the casing is down, the cement is to be cemented.
What is the function of intermediate casing?
The intermediate casing string provides protection against caving of weak or abnormally pressured formations and enables the use of drilling fluids of different density necessary for the control of lower formations.
What is casing line?
casing line means steel wire rope used for lowering and raising of pipes in the well through crown block and traveling block, Sample 1.
What is casing in petroleum engineering?
Production casing (9-5/8 to 5 in. OD) It is set through the protective productive zone(s). It is designed to hold the maximal shut-in pressure of the producing formations. It is designed to withstand stimulating pressures during completion and workover operations.
What is a casing spacer?
Casing Spacers are used to center water, sewer, gas and other fluids in casings. Casing insulators are used to support and electrically insulate a cathodically protected pipeline from a casing pipe through which it must pass.
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What is a metal casing?
A metal pipe or tube used as a lining for a water, oil, or gas well. 4. A membranous case, often made of animal intestine, used to contain sausage or other processed meat.
What is structural casing?
“Structural casing” means a short string of large diameter pipe that is set by driving, jetting, or drilling to support unconsolidated shallow sediments, provide hole stability for initial drilling operations, and provide anchorage for a diverter system.
What is casing design?
The design of a casing program involves the selection of setting depths, casing sizes and grades of steel that will allow for the safe drilling and completion of a well to the desired producing configuration. … Such a casing string is called a combination string.
What is casing and tubing?
Anything smaller is called tubing, anything larger is casing. … At the conclusion, the drill string is removed and the production casing is inserted into the wellbore and cemented into place. The well is then fractured and the tubing is installed inside the production casing.
Which is the type of casing?
There are five different types of casing pipe: Conductor Casing, Surface Casing, Intermediate Casing, liner String, Production Casing.
What is the difference between casing and liner?
Liner is a casing string that does not extend back to the wellhead, but is hung from another casing string. Liners are used instead of full casing strings to: Reduce cost. Improve hydraulic performance when drilling deeper.
What is liner in a well?
1. n. [Drilling] A casing string that does not extend to the top of the wellbore, but instead is anchored or suspended from inside the bottom of the previous casing string. There is no difference between the casing joints themselves.
What is surface casing in oil and gas?
1. n. [Drilling] A large-diameter, relatively low-pressure pipe string set in shallow yet competent formations for several reasons. First, the surface casing protects fresh-water aquifers onshore.
What is casing policy?
Casing has many functions and can be summarized as follows: – Provide a support for fractured, weak and vulnerable formations. – Prevent contamination of fresh water zones. – Isolate abnormal pressure zones and also lost circulation zones. – Provide passage for production fluids.
What is casing gas?
Casinghead gas is gas that collects in the annular space between the casing and tubing in an oil well. Usually beneficial, casinghead gas forces the produced oil up the tubing.
What is spacer in piping?
Spacer Rings, also known as piping spacers, are used between flanges to correct gaps or misalignment. Spacer rings are sometimes tapered and are almost always custom machined per very specific measurements.
How do you size a casing pipe?
The casing diameter should be sized to provide a minimum of 4 inches (100 mm) between the inside of the casing pipe and the largest outside diameter of the carrier pipe (including pipe bells) to allow for deflection of the casing pipe and installation of casing spacers.
What does casing someone mean?
slang To observe and examine someone or something, often to gain knowledge for a specific future purpose. A noun or pronoun can be used between “case” and “out.” I cased my opponent out in preparation for the big fight.
How is casing pipe made?
Rolled and Welded Steel Casing: Rolled and Welded steel casing pipe is created by rolling and welding larger diameter pipe cylinders from steel plate, and then welding those cylinders into a longer lengths as needed.
What does casing a car mean?
the outermost covering of an automobile tire. any frame or framework. a steel pipe or tubing, especially as used in oil and gas wells.
What is casing in borehole drilling?
Borehole Casing is large diameter pipe that is inserted into a recently drilled section of a borehole, to protect and support the borehole stream. The lower portion is held in place with cement.
What is the difference between drill pipe and tubing?
Drill pipes are durable steel pipes that conduct the force to the drill bit when drilling process. … Casing refers to the casing pipe which is tubing that is set inside the drilled well to protect and support the well stream.
What is cementing in oil and gas?
Part of the process of preparing a well for further drilling, production or abandonment, cementing a well is the procedure of developing and pumping cement into place in a wellbore. … In directional drilling, cementing is used to plug an existing well, in order to run a directional well from that point.
How do you design a casing?
Casing program design is accomplished in three major steps:
- Mud program is prepared.
- The casing sizes and corresponding drill-bit sizes are determined.
- The setting depths of individual casing strings are found.
What is casing shoe in drilling engineering?
In oil drilling and borehole mining, a casing shoe or guide shoe is a bull-nose shaped device which is attached to the bottom of the casing string. A casing hanger, which allows the casing to be suspended from the wellhead, is attached to the top of the casing.
How is casing setting depth determined?
Two main factors determine the depth of the casing shoe, namely, the fracture pressure and the pore pressure. A third factor is the lithology, because it is desirable to place the casing shoe in a competent shale section. Methods to predict fracture gradients for deeper wells already exist.
How does casing drilling work?
Running Casing – YouTube
What is the function of casing in centrifugal pump?
Pump casings serve to seal off the intside of the pump to atmosphere to prevent leakage and retain pressure. In the case of centrifugal pumps, they surround the pump rotor which transmits energy to the fluid handled via the impeller(s) mounted on the rotating shaft.
What is the function of volute casing?
The volute casing is designed to guide the flow out of the impeller in order to convert the fluid flow’s kinetic energy into static pressure, it serves to collect the fluid discharged from the impeller and route it to the discharge nozzle (also see Pump casing).
What is casing in steam turbine?
Steam turbines consist essentially of a casing to which stationary blades are fixed on the inside and a rotor carrying moving blades on the periphery. The rotor is fitted inside the casing with the rows of moving blades penetrating between the rows of fixed blades.
What is casing and cementing?
Cementing is the process of mixing a slurry of cement, cement additives and water and pumping it down through casing to critical points in the annulus around the casing or in the open hole below the casing string.
What is casing in food production?
A very thin edible covering, either natural or some form of a synthetic, that is used to enclose ground meat and other ingredients that have been processed into a sausage product. Natural casings are usually made from the cleaned intestinal membranes of cows, hogs, lambs, and sheep.
What is a K Packer?
K-Packers are designed to provide a sand tight seal between the well screen and casing and are typically used on the top of telescope size screens in the water well, construction and environmental drilling industries.
What is inside a well casing?
A well casing is a lining that is installed in an oil well once it is drilled and surrounds the well entirely. Casing is typically hollow steel pipe that lines the inside of the wellbore. Casings are used to support the well, as the raw sides of the well would collapse in without support.
When should I replace my well casing?
Watch out for these signs that may indicate that the well casing is damaged.
- A decrease in the water flow (usually gradual)
- Sand, dirt, sediment, or other contaminants in your water supply.
- Water filters need frequent replacement.
- You discover a new contamination problem.
What is the purpose of surface casing in oil wells?
It provides structural integrity to support the BOP system and subsequent tubulars run in the well and has sufficient pressure integrity to facilitate well control. Surface casing is an integral part of the well control system.
What is the purpose of drilling mud?
The function of drilling muds conduct cuttings away from the drill face, provide a hydrostatic head that counters the pressure of gas or oil, and provide a physical and chemical means of stabilizing and protecting the rock formation that is being drilled.
What is a casing and where is it commonly used?
Casing is a large diameter pipe that is assembled and inserted into a recently drilled section of a borehole. Similar to the bones of a spine protecting the spinal cord, casing is set inside the drilled borehole to protect and support the wellstream.
What is meant by well cementing?
Well cementing is the process of introducing cement to the annular space between the well-bore and casing or to the annular space between two successive casing strings. Personnel who conduct this job are called “Cementers”.
What does a wellhead do?
Simply put, a wellhead is a system of spools, valves, and assorted adapters that used to provide pressure control of a production well. Its primary purpose is to provide a suspension point and pressure seals for the casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment.
What is a well screen?
A well screen is a filtering device that serves as the intake portion of wells constructed in unconsolidated or semi-consolidated aquifers. The screen permits water to enter the well from the saturated aquifer, prevents sediment from entering the well, and serves structurally to support the aquifer material.
What is oil drilling mud?
In geotechnical engineering, drilling fluid, also called drilling mud, is used to aid the drilling of boreholes into the earth. Often used while drilling oil and natural gas wells and on exploration drilling rigs, drilling fluids are also used for much simpler boreholes, such as water wells.