Dextran is a medication used in managing and treating various clinical conditions, including during hemorrhage, shock, surgical procedures, radiological imaging, antithrombotic administration, and ophthalmic relief of xerophthalmia.
What are the two uses of dextran?
Dextran is a low molecular weight dextran used as an adjunctive treatment of shock or impending shock due to hemorrhage, burns, surgery or other trauma, as well as the prophylaxis of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism during high-risk medical procedures.
Is dextran an anticoagulant?
Dextran Sulphate: Use as an Anticoagulant, and Action in Lowering Serum Cholesterol.
What is dextran 40 used for?
LMD (dextran 40) is indicated for use in the adjunctive treatment of shock or impending shock due to hemorrhage, burns, surgery or other trauma. It is not indicated as a replacement for whole blood or blood components if they are available.
What is dextran in biology?
Definition of dextran
: any of numerous glucose biopolymers of variable molecular weight that are produced especially by the fermentation of sucrose by bacteria (such as genus Leuconostoc), are found in dental plaque, and are used especially in blood plasma substitutes.
What is the difference between dextrose and dextran?
is that dextran is (chemistry) a biopolymer of glucose produced by enzymes of certain bacteria, used as a substitute for blood plasma, and as a stationary phase in chromatography while dextrose is the naturally-occurring dextrorotatory form of glucose monosaccharide molecule.
What is dextran in microbiology?
Dextran is a polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers linked mainly by α(1–6) bonds, produced by numerous microorganisms. … These organisms were screened for their dextran producing property by selecting mucoid colonies on plate count agar (PCA), MRS agar and malt extract (ME) agar medium containing 10% sucrose.
What type of drug is dextran?
High-molecular weight dextran is a plasma volume expander made from natural sources of sugar (glucose). It works by restoring blood plasma lost through severe bleeding. Severe blood loss can decrease oxygen levels and can lead to organ failure, brain damage, coma, and possibly death.
Where can dextran be found?
Dextrans are found as bacterial extracellular polysaccharides. They are synthesized from sucrose by beneficial lactic acid bacteria, such as Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactobacillus brevis, but also by the dental plaque-forming species Streptococcus mutans.
Is dextran a reducing sugar?
Immediately thereafter analyses of the enzyme- substrate mixture were made for one or more of the components of the reaction (free reducing sugar, dextran, sucrose).
What is hespan used for?
Hespan is used to treat or prevent hypovolemia (decreased blood plasma volume, also called “shock”) that may occur as a result of serious injury, surgery, severe blood loss, burns, or other trauma. Hespan may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
What are the ingredients of dextran?
Dextran is an exopolysaccharide produced by lactic acid bacteria, Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Structurally it is α-d-glucan, mainly composed of α-1,6-glycosidic linkage and small amount of α-1,2, α-1,3, and α-1,4 branched linkages.
Is dextran a protein?
Dextran is a hydrophilic polysaccharide which is composed of α-1,6-linked d-glucopyranose (Fig. 18.7). … Dextran is a biocompatible and nontoxic polysaccharide which is widely used in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications [23].
What is the structure of dextran?
Dextran is a hydrophilic polysaccharide which is composed of α-1,6-linked d-glucopyranose (Fig. 18.7). … Dextran is a biocompatible and nontoxic polysaccharide which is widely used in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications [23].
How dextran is produced?
Dextran is produced at the industrial level by the fermentation of sucrose-rich media. … It has been reported earlier that molecular weight and yield of dextran production depends on the process variables such as temperature, sucrose and the acceptor concentration 10, 11.
Is dextran toxic to cells?
DEAE-dextran is toxic for the cells, and if the incubation is carried out for too long, the cells will die.
Is dextran water soluble?
15.2.
Dextran is a natural branched bacterial polysaccharide produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides that consists of α-1,6-d-glucopyranose with α-1,2, α-1,3, or α-1,4 linked side chains (Jiang et al., 2004). It is soluble in water and organic solvents.
Is dextran A sugar?
]. Dextran is a branched polymer of dextrose (glucose) of very high molecular weight, belonging to the group of colloids. … Dextran can be formed if sugar cane stays in the sun for too long before being treated in mills, which decreases the amount of sugar available.
What are the contraindications of dextran?
Known hypersensitivity to dextran, severe CHF, renal failure, severe thrombocytopenia, severe bleeding disorders.
What type of sugar is dextran?
Dextrans are glucose polymers with molecular weights ranging between 1,000–40,000,000 daltons (Da). They are produced by lactic acid bacteria from solutions that contain saccharide, but also by the dental plaque-forming species, Streptococcus mutans.
Is dextran a starch?
Starch and dextran are homopolymer of glucose with α-1,4 and 1, 6 linkages, respectively, and are substantially different in physical and chemical characteristics from the cellulose with the β-1,4 linkage.
Does dextran cause bleeding?
The use of dextrans as plasma expanders carries a risk of serious failure of the hemostatic mechanism and is contraindicated in patients who are known to have a tendency to bleed or who have received large transfusions of whole blood.
Does dextran cause hair loss?
Hjort and Stormorken (1957) have described 10 cases treated with high dosage of dextran sulphate in which loss of hair developed 8 to 10 weeks later. studied in 60 patients treated with heparin and an anti coagulant of coumarin type.
What are the side effects of dextran?
Common side effects may include:
- mild itching or rash,
- body aches, numbness or tingly feeling,
- nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea,
- mild dizziness or weakness, low fever, or.
- brown discoloration of your skin.
Is dextran positive or negative?
Both non- charged and negatively charged dextrans had a prolonged half-life proportionate to the molecular weight, whereas the half-life of positively charged dextran was not influenced by molecular weight.
Is dextran a fiber?
In particular, the nanoweb structure of dextran at 2 wt% surfactant was very smooth and without fiber stickiness. The 2 wt% surfactant solution was the chosen optimum for the roller electrospinning method because of its excellent fiber properties.
Is dextran biodegradable?
As a biodegradable polymer, dextran (a polysaccharide consisting predominantly of 1,6-glucosidic linkages) is very attractive because of its colloidal biocompatibility and because it is already widely used in commercial drug formulations.
Why are monosaccharides called reducing sugars?
All monosaccharides are reducing sugars because they either have an aldehyde group (if they are aldoses) or can tautomerize in solution to form an aldehyde group (if they are ketoses). This includes common monosaccharides like galactose, glucose, glyceraldehyde, fructose, ribose, and xylose.
What type of solution is hespan?
HESPAN® (6% hetastarch in 0.9% sodium chloride injection) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution for intravenous administration. Hetastarch is a synthetic colloid derived from a waxy starch composed almost entirely of amylopectin.
How is hespan given?
Dosage for Acute Use in Plasma Volume Expansion
HESPAN® is administered by intravenous infusion only. Total dosage and rate of infusion depend upon the amount of blood or plasma lost and the resultant hemoconcentration.
Is heparin only IV?
Heparin comes as a solution (liquid) to be injected intravenously (into a vein) or deeply under the skin and as a dilute (less concentrated) solution to be injected into intravenous catheters. Heparin should not be injected into a muscle.
Which injection is used for anemia?
Iron dextran injection is used to treat iron-deficiency anemia (a lower than normal number of red blood cells due to too little iron) in people who cannot be treated with iron supplements taken by mouth. Iron dextran injection is in a class of medications called iron replacement products.
What is in IV iron?
Indications and Dosing
In the face of ongoing blood loss or urgent surgery, IV iron corrects anemia much faster than oral iron. The bodies of well-nourished people contain about 4-5 grams of elemental iron, half circulating in red cells. The remainder is stored in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen.
What is an iron injection called?
Iron infusion is a procedure in which iron is delivered to your body intravenously, meaning into a vein through a needle. This method of delivering medication or supplementation is also known as an intravenous (IV) infusion. Iron infusions are usually prescribed by doctors to treat iron deficiency anemia.
What is dextran sulfate in skin care?
Dextran Sulfate falls into the polysaccharide class. It is a decongestant, acting as an anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant. It assist to drains the puffiness from the skin area around the eyes. It helps to increase blood flow in the topical area, therefore increasing drainage and decreasing the appearance sagging.
What is dextran T500?
Dextran T500 Technical Quality is a high purity dextran fraction with selected average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. … Technical Quality Dextrans from Pharmacosmos are packed and stored in safe and clean conditions.
Which of the following methods is most suitable for fractionation of dextran?
Method for the Fractionation of Dextran by Centrifugal Precipitation Chromatography.
What is viral transfection?
Viral Transfection (Viral Transduction)
This method involves the use of viral vectors to deliver nucleic acids into cells. Viral delivery systems such as lentiviral, adenoviral and oncoretroviral vectors can be used for transferring nucleic acids, even in hard-to-transfect cells.
How do you make DEAE dextran?
DEAE-dextran Solution Preparation and Recipe
- Prepare 800 mL of distilled water in a suitable container.
- Add 50 g of DEAE-dextran to the solution.
- Add distilled water until the volume is 1.
- Sterilize the solution by autoclaving for 20 minutes at 15 psi (1.05 kg/cm2) on liquid cycle.
What is the cell type of electroporation?
It is non-viral, non-toxic and can be used on all cell types including mammalian, bacteria, algae, plant and yeast. It can be used on cells in all forms, in vitro or in vivo/ex vivo. In vitro is Latin for “within glass” and includes suspension cell, tissue slice/whole organ, and adherent cell.