The temporal bone surrounds the ears and protects nerves and structures that play a role in controlling hearing and balance. Sound enters the ear canal and makes the tiny bones (ossicles) inside the ear vibrate.
What type of bone is the temporal bone?
This a pair of flat bones located on either side of your head, behind the frontal bone. Temporal bones. This is a pair of irregular bones located under each of the parietal bones.
What is the function of the parietal bone?
The function of the cranium, and hence the parietal bones, is to protect the underlying fragile brain. The parietal bone is slightly curved and has a quadrilateral shape. It has two surfaces, four borders and four angles. The borders articulate with the neighbouring skull bones to form various cranial sutures.
Which feature is located on the temporal bone?
This is the petrous part of the temporal bone, this is the squamous part. A prominent feature of the temporal bone is this large projection, the mastoid process. As we’ll see, it’s the origin of some of the muscles that move the head, including the sternocleidomastoid.
What does the temporal bone articulate with?
The temporal bone articulates anteriorly with the sphenoid bone, above with the parietal bone, and posteriorly with the occipital bone.
Why is it called temporal bone?
Etymology. Its exact etymology is unknown. It is thought to be from the Old French temporal meaning “earthly,” which is directly from the Latin tempus meaning “time, proper time or season.” Temporal bones are situated on the sides of the skull, where grey hairs usually appear early on.
Which bone is superior to the temporal bone?
The temporal bone articulates anteriorly with the sphenoid bone, above with the parietal bone, and posteriorly with the occipital bone.
Is temporal bone paired?
The temporal bones are paired bones that help make up the sides and base of the skull (cranium). This places them lateral—to the side of—the temporal lobes of the brain’s cerebral cortex, ensuring that the cranium is properly supported and protecting the important structures there.
What is occipital bone?
The occipital bone is the most posterior cranial bone and the main bone of the occiput. It is considered a flat bone, like all other cranial bones, meaning that its primary function is either for protection or to provide a broad surface for muscle attachment. The scalp, which consists of five layers, covers the bone.
What is the function of ethmoid bone?
The ethmoid bone is a cube-shaped bone located in the center of the skull between the eyes. It helps form the walls of the eye socket, or orbital cavity, as well as the roof, sides, and interior of the nasal cavity.
What muscles attach to the temporal bone?
Muscular attachments
The sternocleidomastoid, splenius capitis, longissimus capitis and digastric are all attached to the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
Is temporal bone a facial bone?
The joint between the mandible and the temporal bones of the neurocranium, known as the temporomandibular joint, forms the only non-sutured joint in the skull. Facial bones: There are fourteen facial bones. Some, like the lacrimal and nasal bones, are paired. Others, like the mandible and vomer, are singular.
What is the temporal process?
Medical Definition of temporal process
: a process of the zygomatic bone that with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone with which it articulates laterally forms part of the zygomatic arch.
Is the temporal bone axial or appendicular?
The temporal bone is part of the axial skeleton. There are two temporal bones in the body, one found on each side of the head.
Why does my temporal bone hurt?
What are the causes &, diagnosis of Temporalis Tendonitis? stress, tooth grinding, direct trauma to the Temporalis muscle, excessive gum chewing. In rare cases a condition called Coronoid Process Hyperplasia may be the cause of Temporal Tendinitis.
Where is the temporal muscle?
Gross anatomy
Temporalis is a broad, radiating muscle, situated at the side of the head which arises from the whole of the temporal fossa (except that portion of it which is formed by the zygomatic bone) and from the deep surface of the temporal fascia.
Do temporal bones move?
FIG 1 Normal temporal bone movement The most common pattern of skull misalignment is temporal torsion in which the temporal bones rotate in opposite directions along their axes, the auditory canal.
Why is my temporal bone swollen?
The mastoid air cells are thought to protect the delicate structures of the ear, regulate ear pressure and possibly protect the temporal bone during trauma. When the mastoid cells become infected or inflamed, often as a result of an unresolved middle ear infection (otitis media), mastoiditis can develop.
What are the three parts of the temporal bone?
The temporal bone is divided into several main parts/portions 1–3:
- squamous part (temporal squama)
- petrous part (petrous pyramid)
- tympanic part.
- mastoid part (usually considered a separate part but it is formed by both the squamous and petrous parts)
What are the main important markings of the temporal bones?
Terms in this set (12)
- Squamous part. Located inferior to the squamous suture.
- Zygomatic process. Located at squamous part, a bridge like projection that articulates with the zygomatic bone.
- Mandibular fossa. …
- Tympanic part. …
- External acoustic meatus. …
- Styloid process. …
- Petrous part. …
- Jugular foramen.
What marking allows sound to enter the temporal bone?
Meatus – A tube-like channel that extends within the bone, which may provide passage and protection to nerves, vessels, and even sound.
How thick is the temporal bone?
Bone thickness ranged between 1 and 8 mm across all age groups. In the group 5 to 6 years, the average temporal bone thickness was 3.42 ± 1.16 mm. Also in our study, a similar range of bone thicknesses was observed in the younger age groups.
Are teeth part of the skull?
The upper jaw, but not the lower, is part of the skull. … In most other animals the facial portion of the skull, including the upper teeth and the nose, is larger than the cranium. In humans the skull is supported by the highest vertebra, called the atlas, permitting nodding motion.
What is cranium posterior?
The posterior cranial fossa is part of the cranial cavity, located between the foramen magnum and tentorium cerebelli. It contains the brainstem and cerebellum. This is the most inferior of the fossae. It houses the cerebellum, medulla and pons. Anteriorly it extends to the apex of the petrous temporal.
Which cranial bone is unpaired?
The unpaired bones are the vomer and mandible bones. Although classified with the brain-case bones, the ethmoid bone also contributes to the nasal septum and the walls of the nasal cavity and orbit.
What is ethmoid bone?
The ethmoid bone is a small bone with a cuboidal structure that forms the lateral boundaries of the orbit, the anterior cranial fossa superiorly, and the nasal cavities inferiorly. … The ethmoid bone consists of the cribriform plate, two ethmoid labyrinths, and the perpendicular plate.
What is base of skull called?
The base of skull, also known as the cranial base or the cranial floor, is the most inferior area of the skull. It is composed of the endocranium and the lower parts of the skull roof.
What is magnum foramen?
The foramen magnum is the largest foramen of the skull. It is located in the most inferior portion of the cranial fossa as a part of the occipital bone.
What is the function of the maxillary sinus?
The maxillary sinuses are shaped like a pyramid and each contain three cavities, which point sideways, inwards, and downwards. The sinuses are small air-filled holes found in the bones of the face. They reduce skull weight, produce mucus, and affect the tone quality of a person’s voice.
What is the function of the sphenoid sinus?
Sinuses are air-filled sacs (empty spaces) on either side of the nasal cavity that filter and clean the air breathed through the nose and lighten the bones of the skull.
What is superior nasal concha?
The superior nasal conchae or turbinates form one of the three pairs of conchae in the nose and represent part of the labyrinth of the ethmoid bone, arising as bony projections from its posterior surface.
Which sensory organs are housed in the temporal bone?
On each side, the sense organs for hearing and balance are contained within a complicated cavity in the petrous temporal bone that’s shaped like this. The cavity is known as the bony labyrinth. The bony labyrinth consists of a central chamber, the vestibule, the three semicircular canals, and the spiral cochlea.
Does the temporal bone have a sinus?
Explanation: There are four paranasal sinuses in the head: the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses. They function in lightening the skull, and creating mucous for the nasal cavity. The temporal bone does not contain a sinus.
Is mastoid part of temporal bone?
The mastoid part of the temporal bone is its posterior component. The inferior conical projection of the mastoid part is called the mastoid process.
Which bones protect the brain?
The skull protects the brain and forms the shape of the face. The spinal cord, a pathway for messages between the brain and the body, is protected by the backbone, or spinal column.
How many foramina are in the skull?
A foramen (plural: foramina ) is an opening inside the body that allows key structures to connect one part of the body to another. The skull bones that contain foramina include the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxilla, palatine, temporal, and occipital. There are 21 foramina in the human skull.
What is the weakest part of the skull?
One of the weakest points on the human skull is the ‘temple’ region. This is known anatomically as the pterion (see the image above) and is formed by the junction of the frontal, parietal and sphenoid bones.
What is temporal process of zygomatic bone?
The zygomatic process of the temporal bone is a long, arched process projecting from the lower part of the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It articulates with the zygomatic bone. … The superior border is long, thin, and sharp, and serves for the attachment of the temporal fascia.
Is the zygomatic arch part of the temporal bone?
zygomatic arch, bridge of bone extending from the temporal bone at the side of the head around to the maxilla (upper jawbone) in front and including the zygomatic (cheek) bone as a major portion. … The zygomatic arch is particularly large and robust in herbivorous animals, including baboons and apes.
Which bone has a prominent head?
zygomatic arch, bridge of bone extending from the temporal bone at the side of the head around to the maxilla (upper jawbone) in front and including the zygomatic (cheek) bone as a major portion. … The zygomatic arch is particularly large and robust in herbivorous animals, including baboons and apes.
What are the 80 bones of the axial skeleton?
The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones:
- The skull, which contains 22 bones, from which 8 are cranial and 14 are facial,
- 6 middle ear ossicles (3 in each ear),
- 1 hyoid bone in the neck,
- 26 bones of vertebral column,
- 1 chest bone (sternum), and.
- 24 ribs (12 pairs).
What is the appendicular?
The appendicular skeleton is one of two major bone groups in the body, the other being the axial skeleton. The appendicular skeleton is comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis.
What are the 14 facial bones called?
The names of the 14 facial bones are: inferior nasal concha (2 of them,) lacrimal bones (2), mandible, maxilla (2), nasal bones (2), palatine bones (2), vomer, and zygomatic bones, or zygoma (2).