Afferent and efferent arterioles are responsible for the supply of blood to the glomerulus of the kidney. The glomerulus is a branch of blood capillaries. It functions by receiving the blood through an afferent arteriole and the blood comes out through the efferent arteriole.
What is the function of efferent arteriole?
The efferent arterioles form a convergence of the capillaries of the glomerulus, and carry blood away from the glomerulus that has already been filtered. They play an important role in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate despite fluctuations in blood pressure.
What is the function of the afferent arteriole quizlet?
specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.
What is the function of the macula densa cells of the Juxtaglomerular Complex JGC )?
What is the function of the macula densa cells of the juxtaglomerular complex (JGC)? The macula densa cells monitor the NaCl content of the filtrate entering the distal convoluted tubule.
What happens to the afferent arteriole?
1. The afferent and efferent arterioles constrict in response to α-adrenergic stimulation. This vasoconstriction predominantly affects the afferent arteriole, effectively reducing hydrostatic pressure within the glomerular capillary lumen and decreasing glomerular filtration.
What is between afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole quizlet?
juxtaglomerular apparatus. consists of cells located between the afferent arteriole and the efferent arteriole (where the two vessels enter/exit glomerular capsule).
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What is afferent arteriole quizlet?
Terms in this set (58) The kidneys are supplied by the afferent arterioles, which seliver blood for filtraiton in the glomerulus. The rate of blood flow through the afferent arterioles is known as the RENAL BLOOD FLOW, which typically measures about 20% of the cardiac output.
What is the functional significance of the diameter difference between the afferent arteriole and the efferent arteriole?
This is to provide for the increased blood pressure in the glomerulus for ultrafiltration to take place. When the afferent arteriole is larger, more blood would flow into the efferent arteriole, which is of a smaller diameter, resulting in increased blood pressure in the glomerulus.
What is the function of the macula densa cells?
Macula densa (MD) cells are chief cells within the kidney, playing key sensory and regulatory functions in the maintenance of body fluid, electrolyte homeostasis, and blood pressure.
What is the function of the macula densa cells and how they respond?
It is thought that the macula densa cells are sensory cells that respond to the sodium concentration in the fluid within the distal tubule and, perhaps, to the rate of fluid flow past them.
What is the function of the juxtaglomerular cells?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions to maintain blood pressure and to act as a quality control mechanism to ensure proper glomerular flow rate and efficient sodium reabsorption.
What is the function of the afferent arteriole from the renal artery?
The afferent arteriole is an arteriole that feeds blood into the glomerulus. The renal arterioles play a central role in determining glomerular hydraulic pressure, which facilitates glomerular filtration.
How does changing the afferent and efferent arteriole affect GFR?
An increase in the afferent arteriolar diameter (decrease in resistance) causes an increase in the glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and an increase in GFR. … A decrease in the diameter of the efferent arteriole has the opposite effect.
What are the functions of the macula densa check all that apply?
Check all that apply. Macula densa cells detect changes in the potassium concentration of fluid within the lumen of the DCT. Calcium is a substance that is regulated by reabsorption. Indicate whether each of the following substances is reabsorbed from the filtrate or secreted into the filtrate.
What is the relationship between afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole diameter?
What is the relationship between afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole diameter? The afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than the efferent arteriole.
What is the function of glomerulus quizlet?
It serves as the first stage in the filtering process of the blood carried out by the nephron in its formation of urine. The glomerulus is surrounded by a cup-like sac known as Bowman’s capsule. The blood plasma is filtered through the capillaries of the glomerulus into the capsule.
What is the function of peritubular capillaries quizlet?
peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels, supplied by the efferent arteriole, that travel alongside nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron.
What is the function of peritubular capillaries?
Peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels in your kidneys. They deliver wastes to be secreted into urine (pee). They also reabsorb nutrients your body needs. Peritubular capillaries play an essential role in your urinary system.
What is afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole ?
Difference between the efferent arteriole and afferent arteriole
| Afferent Arteriole | Efferent arteriole |
|---|---|
| Afferent arteriole carries blood to the glomerulus. | Efferent arteriole takes blood away from the glomerulus. |
| Afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal vein. | Efferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery. |
What happens to the rate of kidney filtration when the efferent arterioles constrict quizlet?
During exercise (mild SNS stimulation): preferentially constricts the efferent arteriole Increase GFR. The blood flow to your kidney decreases, decreasing GFR (due to the constriction of afferent arteriole).
What is the main difference between afferent and efferent arterioles?
The main difference between afferent and efferent arterioles is that afferent arterioles carry blood to the glomerulus whereas efferent arterioles take the blood away from the glomerulus. An afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal vein, which carries blood containing nitrogenous wastes.
Why is the diameter of efferent arteriole less than afferent arteriole?
The diameter of efferent arteriole is less than that of the afferent arteriole because pressure builds up in the arteriole and some of the fluid is forced to go through the gaps in cells of Bowman’s capsule (podocytes). This filters the blood, and this process is called ultrafiltration.
What is difference between afferent and efferent?
Afferent neurons carry information from sensory receptors of the skin and other organs to the central nervous system (i.e., brain and spinal cord), whereas efferent neurons carry motor information away from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands of the body.
What is the function of the macula densa quizlet?
The macula densa cells monitor the NaCl content of the filtrate entering the distal convoluted tubule.
What do the macula densa cells respond to quizlet?
The macula densa cells are chemoreceptors that respond to changes in the urea content of the filtrate.
What are the cells of the macula densa?
Macula densa cells are renal sensor elements that detect changes in distal tubular fluid composition and transmit signals to the glomerular vascular elements. This tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism plays an important role in regulating glomerular filtration rate and blood flow.
What do the macula densa cells regulate in the role as part of the tubuloglomerular feedback loop?
Abstract—The macula densa detects changes in NaCl concentration in tubular fluid and transmits a feedback signal, known as tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF), which helps to control glomerular afferent arteriole resistance.
How does macula densa release renin?
The macula densa, in response to the change in the Na concentration in the distal tubules, signals the juxtaglomerular cells to release renin. Renin is stored in granules and the secretion is stimulated by the β-adrenergic response and cAMP augmentation.
When the macula densa detects an increase in NaCl concentration in the renal filtrate What happens to the glomerular filtration rate?
When the macula densa detects an increase in NaCl concentration in the renal filtrate, what happens to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? GFR decreases. If the osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries increased from 28 mmHg to 35 mmHg due to dehydration, would net filtration increase or decrease?
What are the main structures and functions of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.
What are the name of the cells that line the afferent arteriole?
Cells in the afferent arterioles (juxtaglomerular cells) are the site of synthesis, storage, and release of the proteolytic enzyme renin. Three factors are important in stimulating renin secretion: 1.
What vessels arise from the efferent Arteriole?
The peritubular capillaries is a second capillary network which arise after the efferent arteriole. They surround the proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule. Vasa recta are the “straight vessels” which arise from some of the efferent arterioles.
What is an arteriole?
An artery carries blood away from the heart, and distribute throughout the body by its succeeding smaller branches. Eventually, the smallest branch of the artery is called arterioles, which further divide into tiny vessels to form the capillary bed.
What happens when blood flow through afferent arterioles increases?
Arteriole Myogenic Mechanism
This mechanism works in the afferent arteriole that supplies the glomerulus. When blood pressure increases, smooth muscle cells in the wall of the arteriole are stretched and respond by contracting to resist the pressure, resulting in little change in flow.
Do the afferent arterioles supply blood to the Vasa recta?
(Latin: vasa, “vessels”, recta, “straight”). They lie parallel to the loop of Henle. These vessels branch off the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephrons (those nephrons closest to the medulla).
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Vasa recta (kidney)
| Vasa recta | |
|---|---|
| System | Circulatory, Excretory |
| Artery | efferent arteriole |
| Vein | arcuate vein |
| Identifiers |
What effect does increasing afferent arteriole diameter have on GFR and urine production explain your results?
Terms in this set (16) What effect does increasing the afferent arteriole diameter have on GFR and urine production? An increase in afferent arteriole diameter will cause an increase in GFR and urine production.
What is the difference between tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion?
The key difference between tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion is that tubular reabsorption involves the removal of some solutes and water from the tubular fluid and their return to the blood, while tubular secretion involves the removal of hydrogen, creatinine, and drugs from the blood and return to the …
What would happen if the diameter of the efferent arterioles in the glomerulus decreased?
Urine output will decrease. If the diameter of the efferent arterioles leading away from the glomerulus decreases (vasoconstriction), which of the following is NOT likely to occur? Systemic blood pressure will go up. Glomerular filtration rate will increase.