The function of medial pterygoid, while contracting bilaterally, it produces elevation and protrusion of the mandible, while unilaterally contracted, it produces contralateral excursion (Neumann, 2010, Okeson, 2013). It pulls the ramus of the mandible medially and shifting the mandible toward to the contralateral side.
What is the function of the lateral pterygoid?
Function. Being a masticatory muscle, the lateral pterygoid aids in chewing and biting actions by controlling the movements of the mandible. The sphenoid attachment of the muscle is always fixed, meaning that the direction of pull is oriented towards it.
Does the medial pterygoid open the jaw?
Medial Pterygoid Muscle: Origin, Insertion, Function &, Nerve Supply
Which are functions of the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles quizlet?
Two-headed, fan-shaped muscle located in the infratemporal fossa of the skull. It is one of the four masticatory muscles, along with the medial pterygoid, temporalis and masseter muscles. All these muscles act upon the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) to enable chewing (mastication) and biting.
What Innervates medial pterygoid?
Medial pterygoid muscle is innervated by the medial pterygoid branches of mandibular nerve (CN V3), one of the three divisions of trigeminal nerve (CN V).
What movements do the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles perform?
The medial pterygoid muscle functions to assist with elevation and protrusion of the mandible. It also assists the lateral pterygoid muscle with side to side mandibular motion to help with the grinding of food.
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What is medial pterygoid?
The medial pterygoid muscle, a major elevator of the jaw is a square-shaped masticatory muscle, located on the medial aspect of the lower jaw bilaterally. It is also known as internal pterygoid muscle. This muscle lies medial to the lateral pterygoid muscle.
What muscle attaches to the medial pterygoid plate?
Its lateral surface forms part of the medial wall of the infratemporal fossa, and gives attachment to the lateral pterygoid muscle, its medial surface forms part of the pterygoid fossa, and gives attachment to the medial pterygoid muscle.
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| Lateral pterygoid plate | |
|---|---|
| FMA | 54682 |
| Anatomical terms of bone |
Which of the following is an action of the medial pterygoid?
The medial pterygoid muscle (or internal pterygoid muscle), is a thick, quadrilateral muscle of the face. It is supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (V).
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Medial pterygoid muscle.
| Medial pterygoid | |
|---|---|
| Actions | elevates mandible, closes jaw, helps lateral pterygoids in moving the jaw from side to side |
| Identifiers |
What is the primary function of the masseter quizlet?
The primary function is to elevate the mandible and also aid in the protruding of the mandible.
What is mastication name two muscles of mastication and their function quizlet?
Terms in this set (6) are a group of muscles associated with movements of the jaw (temporomandibular joint). They are one of the major muscle groups in the head – the other being the muscles of facial expression. There are four muscles of mastication – the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid.
Which of the following is an action of the lateral pterygoid?
The primary function of the lateral pterygoid muscle is to pull the head of the condyle out of the mandibular fossa along the articular eminence to protrude the mandible. … At the beginning of this action it is assisted by the digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles.
What is TMJ innervated by?
The muscles that act on the TMJ are innervated by the mandibular nerve (CN V), the facial nerve (CN VII), C 1, C 2 and C 3.
How do you examine medial pterygoid?
To palpate from outside the mouth, the head is tilted slightly to access the muscle. Palpation with one finger locates trigger points on the inner surface of the mandible by pressing upward at its angle. Palpation of the mid-belly is performed inside the mouth with the pad of the palpating index finger.
What is the function of the temporalis muscle?
The temporalis muscle is one of the muscles of mastication. It is responsible for both closing the mouth and retraction (posterior fibers).
What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), also known as the mandibular joint, is an ellipsoid variety of the right and left synovial joints forming a bicondylar articulation.
How do you release medial pterygoid?
TMJ: Medial Pterygoid self-massage – YouTube
What nerve innervates the masseter?
The masseter is primarily responsible for the elevation of the mandible and some protraction of the mandible. It receives its motor innervation from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. The blood supply is primarily from the masseteric artery, a branch of the internal maxillary artery.
What is Ramus of mandible?
The rami are two vertical processes located on either side of the body, they join the body at the angle of the mandible. At the superior aspect of each ramus, the coronoid and condylar processes articulate with the temporal bone to create the temporomandibular joint which permits mobility.
Which are functions of the Digastric muscle?
The digastric muscle functions during swallowing, chewing, and speech. The anterior belly of the digastric is one of the three suprahyoid muscles which stabilizes the hyoid during swallowing, an action critical in protecting the airway while eating.
Which are parts of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone?
The pterygoid processes are extensions of the basal surface of the sphenoid body. The processes contain two canals known as the pterygoid canal (→ major petrosal nerve, deep petrosal nerve, vessels of pterygoid canal) and the palatovaginal (or pharyngeal) canal (→pharyngeal nerve).
What is spine of sphenoid?
[TA] a posterior and downward projection from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone on either side, located posterolateral to the foramen spinosum, so named for its proximity to this spine, gives attachment to the sphenomandibular ligament.
Which of the following is an action of the medial pterygoid quizlet?
Which of the following is an action of the medial pterygoid? – Laterally deviate the mandible to the opposite side.
How many medial pterygoid muscles are there?
The pterygoid muscles are two of the four muscles of mastication, located in the infratemporal fossa of the skull.
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Pterygoid muscles.
| Definition and function | Muscles of mastication that produce movements of the jaw. |
|---|---|
| Muscles | Lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid |
What muscles elevate the mandible?
The function of the masseter muscle is to elevate the mandible and approximate the teeth—additionally, the intermediate and deep muscle fibers of the masseter function to retract the mandible.
Which muscle is most responsible for movement?
The prime mover is the muscle that is most responsible for the movement. Synergists are other muscles that assist the prime mover. Synergists may stabilize nearby bones or refine the movement of the prime mover.
Which muscle opens the jaws and protrudes the mandible quizlet?
Synergist of the temporalis and masseter muscles in elevation of the mandible, acts with the lateral pterygoid muscle to protrude mandible and to promote side to side grinding movements.
What produces lateral grinding movements of the jaw?
The temporalis muscle functions mainly as an elevator of the mandible. … The contraction of the posterior, more horizontal fibers of the muscle produces a retraction of the mandible, pulling the jaw backwards. In addition, the temporalis muscle contributes to grinding movements by moving the mandible from side to side.
Which nerve innervates the muscles of mastication quizlet?
The muscles of mastication are innervated by the mandibular division of cranial nerve V (trigeminal).
What are 2 muscles of mastication quizlet?
Muscles of Mastication:
- Medial Pterygoid.
- Lateral Pterygoid.
- Temporalis.
- Masseter.
Which muscle of mastication originates from the temporal lines of the skull?
In anatomy, the temporalis muscle, also known as the temporal muscle, is one of the muscles of mastication (chewing).
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| Temporalis muscle | |
|---|---|
| Origin | temporal lines on the parietal bone of the skull and the superior temporal surface of the sphenoid bone |
Which of the following is a deep medial relation of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
On the medial side (deep surface), the muscle is related to the mandibular nerve, the middle meningeal artery, the sphenomandibular ligament, and the upper part of the medial pterygoid muscle. Deep temporal and masseteric nerves and vessels emerge from the upper border of the superior belly.
Why is the lateral pterygoid called the peripheral heart?
The pterygoid muscles and other muscles of mastication pump the blood from this plexus and are considered a “peripheral heart”.
Where is mandibular fossa?
Each mandibular fossa or glenoid fossa forms the temporal component of the TMJ. It is a concave area on the inferior border of the squamous part of the temporal bone that is also referred to as the articular fossa.
How does the TMJ work?
Located on each side of the head, your TMJ work together when you chew, speak or swallow and include muscles and ligaments as well as the jaw bone. They also control the lower jaw (mandible) as it moves forward, backward and side to side. Each TMJ has a disc between the ball and socket.
What nerves are affected by TMJ?
If the jaw joint is out of alignment or not functioning properly, the trigeminal nerve may become affected, causing pain to radiate from the jaw to the head. Common symptoms of TMJ include pain while chewing or biting, headaches, earaches, and facial pain.
What is the function of the temporomandibular ligament?
The temporomandibular ligament is located on the lateral aspect of the capsule and its function includes preventing the lateral or posterior displacement of the condyle. The stylomandibular ligament arises from the styloid process and attaches to the mandibular angle.
How do you palpate the temporomandibular joint?
The joint is palpated during active opening and closing and during active deviation to the left and right. On opening, the TMJ is palpated with the finger below the zygomatic bone just anterior to the condyle or, as for closing, with the tip of the finger placed either just anterior to the tragus (Fig.
What vein drains the muscles of mastication?
- ophthalmic artery.
- superior ophthalmic vein.
- inferior ophthalmic vein.
How do you palpate TMJ?
Palpate directly over the joint while the patient opens and closes the mandible, and the extent of mandibular condylar movement can be assessed. Normally, condylar movement is easily felt. Have the patient close slowly, and you will feel the condyle move posteriorly against your finger.
What is the function of the orbicularis oris muscle?
Orbicularis oris muscle along with the buccinator and pharyngeal constrictor form a functional unit, known as “buccinator mechanism” which has an important role in orofacial function (swallowing, sucking, whistling, chewing, vowel pronunciation, kissing).
What is the function of the Occipitalis muscle?
The function of occipitofrontalis muscle is to elevate the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead skin with its frontal part, and to retract the scalp with its occipital part.
What is temporal muscle wasting?
Temporal wasting, in the setting of significant pathology and cachexia, is manifested by temporalis muscle wasting, such that the normal fullness of these muscles is absent.