A wing valve is a piece of flow-control equipment used in oil and gas operations. It is part of a Christmas tree and used to shut in flow from a producing well.
What type of valve is a wing valve?
Production wing valve. This right-hand valve is an automatically actuated, fail- closed valve (requiring positive hydraulic pressure to stay open), serving to shut the flow from the well under emergencies or to stop injection when water or gas are being injected.
What is production wing valve?
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It used for production or injection wells such as oil wells, gas wells, water injection wells, water disposal wells, etc. It provides a means of controlling the effluents, ensuring the safety of the facilities and giving measurement tools access to the well.
What is the function of Christmas tree?
A Christmas tree is a piece of equipment that provides flow control on a oil or gas well. Christmas trees are a vertical assembly of valves with gauges and chokes that allow for adjustments in flow control as well as injections to stimulate production.
Why is wellhead called Christmas tree?
It is named for its resemblance to a decorated tree at Christmas. … A wellhead must be present in order to utilize a Christmas tree and is used without a Christmas tree during drilling operations. Producing surface wells that require pumps (pump jacks, nodding donkeys, etc.)
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What is the use of wing valve?
A wing valve is a piece of flow-control equipment used in oil and gas operations. It is part of a Christmas tree and used to shut in flow from a producing well. A Christmas tree is typically fitted with two wing valves, one on each side.
What is the function of swab valve?
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It used for production or injection wells such as oil wells, gas wells, water injection wells, water disposal wells, etc. It provides a means of controlling the effluents, ensuring the safety of the facilities and giving measurement tools access to the well.
What is lower master valve?
The lower master valve is a gate valve used to limit the amount of flow into the Christmas tree from the wellhead. It is manually actuated in most cases and is kept in a restricted, partially open position during production.
What is the function of the swab valve at the Christmas tree?
The topmost valve on a Christmas tree that provides vertical access to the wellbore.
What is Christmas tree wellhead equipment?
What is a Wellhead? A wellhead skid controls the operation of the Christmas tree and mudline safety valves. The skid permits valves to be operated locally, remotely, or via ESD system and timing mechanisms provide a means of controlling the speed and sequence of valve operation.
How many valves does a Christmas tree have?
A typical sophisticated surface tree will have at least four or five valves, normally arranged in a crucifix type pattern (hence the endurance of the term “Christmas tree”). The two lower valves are called the master valves (upper and lower respectively).
What is upper master valve?
A valve located on the Christmas tree that controls all flow from the wellbore. … The upper master valve is used on a routine basis, with the lower master valve providing backup or contingency function in the event that the normal service valve is leaking and needs replacement.
What is subsea Xmas tree?
Used on offshore oil and gas fields, a subsea tree monitors and controls the production of a subsea well. … A design taken from their above-ground cousins, subsea trees are sometimes called xmas trees because the devices can resemble a tree with decorations.
What is manifold in oil and gas?
1. n. [Well Completions, Well Workover and Intervention] An arrangement of piping or valves designed to control, distribute and typically monitor fluid flow.
What is well intervention in oil and gas?
A well intervention, or well work, is any operation carried out on an oil or gas well during, or at the end of, its productive life that alters the state of the well or well geometry, provides well diagnostics, or manages the production of the well.
What is completing a well?
Well completion incorporates the steps taken to transform a drilled well into a producing one. These steps include casing, cementing, perforating, gravel packing and installing a production tree. … After a well has been drilled, should the drilling fluids be removed, the well would eventually close in upon itself.
What is SSV valve?
The Cameron safety shutdown valve (SSV) control system provides fail-safe shutdown of flow when pressure in the flowline falls outside a preset range. The system can also be used to perform emergency shutdown (ESD).
What is a master valve?
A master valve is a “normally closed” valve installed at the supply point of the main line that opens only when the controller initiates a watering program. Whenever one of the irrigation zone valves is told to open by the controller, the controller also signals the master valve to open.
What does a blowout preventer do?
A blowout preventer, or BOP, is a large specialised unit weighing up to 400 tonnes that is used to prevent an oil spill from occurring. It works like a valve to close an oil well, similar to a plumber closing a valve in a pipe, and are proven to be highly effective in ensuring well safety.
What is a subsea wellhead?
The subsea wellhead system (Fig. 1) is a pressure-containing vessel that provides a means to hang off and seal off casing used in drilling the well. The wellhead also provides a profile to latch the subsea blowout preventer (BOP) stack and drilling riser back to the floating drilling rig.
What is the wellhead platform in oil and gas?
(Power Generation Access Platforms)
A Wellhead is the component at the surface of an oil or gas well that provides the structural and pressure-containing interface for the drilling and production equipment.
How many types of wellheads are there?
Well Tubing Suspension Theory of Wellhead Equipment
Oil and gas well wellhead equipment can be divided into three types: flowing well wellhead equipment, pumping well wellhead equipment and gas well wellhead equipment. The same principle of well tubing suspension goes for the three kinds of wellhead equipment.
What do oil wells do?
An oil well is a hole dug into the Earth that serves the purpose of bringing oil or other hydrocarbons – such as natural gas – to the surface. Oil wells almost always produce some natural gas and frequently bring water up with the other petroleum products.
What is Christmas tree configuration?
The set of valves, spools, and fittings connected to the top of a well to direct and control the flow of formation fluids from the well. An assembly of valves, spools, pressure gauges and chokes fitted to the wellhead of a completed well to control production.
Do trees have valves?
Wellheads and Christmas trees are two distinct pieces of equipment that have several similarities. For example, they are both vital to gas and oil production, and they each have valves and other equipment that aids in the control and guidance of the flow of materials.
What is the difference between bop and Christmas tree?
While drilling the oil well, surface pressure control is provided by a blowout preventer (BOP). … The surface pressure control is provided by a Christmas tree, which is installed on top of the wellhead, with isolation valves and choke equipment to control the flow of well fluids during production.
What is a subsea manifold?
Subsea manifolds are installed on the seabed within an array of wells to gather product or to inject water or gas into wells. There are numerous types of manifolds, ranging from a simple pipeline end manifold (PLEM/PLET) to large structures such as an entire subsea process system.
Where is Christmas tree installed?
In the oil and gas industry, a Christmas tree is referred to as a series of valve &, spool assembly fitted on top of the well. A Christmas tree is installed on top of the last casing spool on a surface well or the high pressure wellhead housing for a subsea well.
Why are manifolds used?
Manifolds are used extensively throughout the oil and gas industry for the distribution of gases and fluids. They are designed to converge multiple junctions into a single channel or diverge a single channel into multiple junctions.
What is the purpose of a gas manifold?
A manifold is a fluid or gas distribution system or device that serves to bring many junctions into one place or a single channel into an area where many points meet.
What is piping manifold?
A manifold refers to a collection of pipes or a bound header that facilitates the transportation of fluid from one point to another. Manifolds are widely used in the pipeline industry and can be prone to corrosion with prolonged use and fluid-induced wear and tear.
What is snubbing unit?
Snubbing units use hydraulic pressure and rams to introduce small, coupled tubing into the well, if necessary, against pressures above 5000 psi. The tubing is stronger and can be rotated so that tougher cleanout or fishing jobs can be accomplished.
What is coil tubing in oil and gas?
Coiled tubing (CT) refers to a continuous length of small-diameter steel pipe and related surface equipment as well as associated drilling, completion and workover, or remediation, techniques. Coiled tubing oilfield technology was initially developed for working on live, producing wells.
What is the difference between well intervention and workover?
The term workover is used to refer to any kind of oil well intervention involving invasive techniques, such as wireline, coiled tubing or snubbing. … Practically any offshore supply vessel can swiftly be converted into a well intervention unit without any assessment or approval of the modification of the vessel.